Primary cell and method of making the same



1,644,389 1927' -M. L. MARTus ET AL PRIMARY CELL AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan. 5, 1927 7 .i re tmentwitli sodium zi-ima e,thefpre- Patented 0d. 4, 1927 Y j PBiMABYQCIElLL-iANi Mansonox mew "SAM-E1? This i nvh fi ioiir le st .p 'iiifie y ce s and methods of making the same; and it conipl'isese new primary QBH'Qf the 'Le imde type having. an al aline electrQlytm 4 'Zi lQ 1 1 wand copper oxid pole, 'tl1e-IatiQD-Q IY facing ofreduced copper. and being pro:

ested by lay r of preshrunk .zi set d-peperoxie is or fabric and it also onuir sfes method of ma-k ng such el s'wherein paper or ffibllfi is preshrunkandimpregriated with, zinc by shr-L'mk fabric being furthe H at d w h A 4 solutio of sodium and/Q1; p a sium, licete,

tive. to copper, sucliease metal ic ine and w eppedyaroun euclo pperoxiid pe e wi h the face fcar rying the Zlno' next the; oxid, 'ilie 11016 hen bingas embled with {the other I 0 e men s o elaucle c ll's; e les' :inore; fully e hereinefterset forth and: as vcla nfiled- For closed circuit WQr kfthQ type of gelle employing eopper:;pxid against inc 1. i

I caustio soda? eleotrolygeiis prrac wl y the only :one used. It is not welkadepted 01", open-eiltcuit'Work and shelfloss is apt to be considerable; bofilifacts being lai gly lllfli the solubility oflcopper oxidi-u solutions-of caustic soda o of au ic pomshfi While. this solubility is very small, it is nevertheless v sufiicienitft-o filmy-migration oflc opper by e diffusion "and convection tothe-zirio in time... Copper reaching. the zine, produoesilocel' V notion; On vclosed circuit the wustics da,

solution is kept stripped ol eopper mums. ZIClJiOllQClOBSIlblZ occur. Solubility mfcopper in the caustic soda solution is glided ne-31y organio impuritiesbut-,fi o1r the other ligmd,

copperyyoan be withdrawn fl' nl'i h zSQlWtiQl] by cellulose l and some; DthQIMsu-bsleneesj I Alkali cellulose, Whiolris e Condition fairly active i,1 1 withdrewin zceieper from the electrolyte- Cotton: l thypeper, ete,

are often used in this type of eellzf orstruce tural reasons and in so. doing-{they heyejzhe additional, utility of withd awing opp from th lectroly e, fiWe have fiouml, hQW ever, that paper ,aind olot-h urea-ted Wifeh qa' sodium zincetfe solution possess-clusbsoro lug power for copper m, ,al'koons derebly creased degree and 111?" copendi g appl cation, Serial No. 15775 5, We have idesoribecl and Claimed yeriousioe'lls utilizing this property; ln'fithe' .presentf, inyeu We also utilize paper or cloth so treated. i

liilibe Leliid .fil'y p o ell, l imt m eepe id i empleyed e1 granu es supported in suiteb sme ma f some expense 1n eme ufaew eef hese qpp n teppies iieopertie iucadeem; 1 dustedluithza powdered lnete-leel ctroposir eui dinefilie per 'oxidi ele, And be 1 assembling -the sheet with! the cop er xld eshee lose, using a'sheet of this materiel i forsu vu lii h passes into inc t 10f high "e neefireti I -$P fi' v i m odiment -oi the. p ese te tl na We; w

k h eseelet 9 pape and. imm sen a strong sew-lien 0 si dle 'eeue e fs f e 1 r p ash,- Sueh ebum-me e mad I ir e lr'by di 'selr e z ne 0 7' imwee l u -.19 series bu is m e em-l wed e mple? exhausted we e el'u oe :1 1 emp ete Lelervle'i y pee sy r ne theual ste'ei e h oils-Misti? seeder-m yte; so ium. zi ee sol tio s fe eui 0-? i lmr These are sui able io pur PM? Pesemmersion he 2mm S91 i on eteihe ,erdinery-iemee etu e' we e t empe a ure Qi; y,y o 71 F 1 P P rwellsend shor n and leii lis -la relly. h tot l h in a e may ee- 9 ml #9 e 10% f 4: 9 0 Per ent 9 he equeseerea- The:

' e ve2? use-we r. me ee en a hesi ei et ndf ea w form a layer of artificial zelite,

so A

1: the ieiie fiiee,"lie-u i e fibe- V useful remov geopper fro-msoi tio i mixture-=ofpovvdered zinc an =aluminum maybe used. Zinc and aluminum arelboth 'meta' electropositive. to popper. The pap er OXid 'pole, ;being placed with; the' zinc' 0,1

the; oopperoxid i'sused as an outside annuliis',the treated paper ispl'a'cedontheinside off the annulus, Wherethe'copper oxid pole is: centralf and cylindrical, the specially treat,

for,aluminum-surfacefinside;

c m r gnating the :paper' -withfzinc 1 but? we ordinarily find; it 'much hetterltd preshrink -IQ s-th p'aper with fzincate. A's noted, shrink- V age is considerable. Insteadlfof 'l' 's-ing paper,

, "FigureB 'shovvs' iniperspecftive; p'aper"sep faiating-means providedl'vvithfa surfa ing p r {1 j 2,'*A nevv material forguse in copper loxid-g' zinc cells "comprising 'pa-per impregnated With-sodium}zincate solution and havinga v layer-of zinc dust on one. o t-said surfaces. 3;A primary cell comprising "inner and separators 1 1 1 and" the perforated plates 12","

; 1O fist" disposed btw'v'een theftvv o fi iiodes 1 and 16; i Annumipapr'sleeves-11 are placed 'j 7 inside and" outside of theannularcopperpind' cathofdeand around the paper sleeves there v 9 ar pe io teamaani s'cr'eens a In'"Fig-= ure 2 is shovvnthe' lradial rel'ationshipiof these elements; im ri ure eithe "paper sleeve 1 sh iw i d we flee in we;

' l is next iis edfa stv .a Wrapping" for the copper;

1; aluminum coated Side ;next thex oxid.fl f Where,

sue-paper s wrapped arouna igwit the ZlIiQY S fThei ormati nxef; sodium Z ima ma semblifig; t hef'celhmay bel relied upon for,

cross sec on; of an only half of he 'sect'onsbei fiishowny andY cover on V f;.'the"ce1l- 'ar 1; contalner; depends p yoke1j22serving@asia 'condfic'torjandjas a supportingjn'ieans torithecell' elements; Yoke 2' is carried a bolt" amassing through the c v tops-1;andfprovidedyvitlrnut 4, Washers 5," and-Wing lnut "6;? ano es 7 pass thrd'ughj iii- V Sulati l'ig t carrier plate 8" and are bent" upward attheir'lower-ends"as-shown at9 forthe i "purpose, of holding the cell assembly on? the] 'kyokefl and forrthe urpose-oiffsupportingl "the body. of COPPr ox1 d'=10, the treated paper nva edaan thejform of aicyli'ndrical zi'ncf plate 13; is attached a thepIat'eB by' bolts' zinc dust; The cells areshippe d and stored Mamas-1 Becker Patent;5 81,851;) .f :In manufacturinghthe cells" for use," the 5 cellgis assembled as shown in Figure-1,1 with [the paper sleeves 11 in "place having their zinc coated surfaces adjacent the-copper oxid cathode. [The 'innerfsleeve lias itsf exterior [,tace surfaced withzinc dust 'vvhilethe outer i SlQBYe basalts. interior face; surfaced ith" inv adry-fcondition. Upon addition of theelectrolyte to the cell, this electrolyte consistingt about" a- 20: per fcentlsolutionf of caustic soda in Water, the presence of the r -zincf next-t0 the? copper oxid' surface causes- V 'a superficial reduction of the copper. oixi'dv cathode surfaces. In, this'way, the usualmanufacturing reducing the copper oxidis dispensed With Operation of 'superfically and -considerable time i and expense in the manufacture'otf-the cells are done avvay'vvith ,lfvhat We, claim is 514111 "the" process 'ofmanufacturing pril I I maryfcells of'the zinc-copperoxidtype, the

I, solutionpf alkali silicate, sprinkling a'fthin "i layQIfOfQZlIlC dust/0n the paper While it' is 5 still wet with silicate sol-utiomandthereafter steps which comprise impregnating a paper sleeve withsodlum' zlnc'ate' solution, super-H vficiallyflcoating the "so-treated paper with a '1 placingsaidpaperina coppero'xid-zinc cell I with the metallized surfa'ce of said paper :in' contact-with the copperoxiddisposed 1 between the copper 'oxid and the on its surface, and said metallized surface being in c0 tacewith' the copper oxid. c

. In a cell-of the Lalande type, alayer of a paper impregnated with sodium 'zincate Sblllw tion and having a layer of metal dust on o surface'of said paper tropositive to copmr.

surfaceofsaid paper,

zinc anodes, 'saidjpapercarrying :zin'c dust V l Y:5, 'In' acell oftheLala'ndetype, a layer of paperimpregnated with sodium zincate' solu- 4 tion and having a layer otmetal dust'on one 7 surface of said paper, said metal being elec I 6.111 'a -cell of the Lalande type, a layer of paper impregnated with: sodium: zinc'atesolution andjha'ving a layer-0f zinc dust on one paper-impregnated with sodium zincate solu tion and having a layer of zinc and alumi-Z num' dust onone surface ofsaidpaper.

In j jvvitn'ess' whereof e have hereunto I d sign ;d our-name s at Waterbury, Gonnecticut, this 3ist-day of December, 1926.

. MARTIN MARTUS. 1 

